My research interests are centered on understanding how nanoscale heterogeneity and fluctuations at solid-liquid interfaces impact the physical and chemical processes of materials. My research group develops and applies advanced in situ liquid cell transmission electron microscopy (TEM) techniques, such as the design and fabrication of liquid cells, TEM sample stages, and other in situ apparatus, and we integrate the cutting-edge in situ imaging and image analysis with theoretical calculation to develop deep understanding of the materials dynamic phenomena at atomic/molecular level. The current research topics include nucleation, growth and transformations of materials, solid-liquid (electrode-electrolyte), solid-liquid-gas interfaces, electrocatalysis, etc. Insights garnered from this research enable novel materials synthesis, and efficient applications of materials in catalysis, batteries and other functional devices.